An itch or pain that feels sharp and uncomfortable when you touch something is called stinging.
When we talk about things being stinging, it usually means they cause an annoying feeling. For example, a bee's sting is probably the most famous kind of stinging - it hurts for a moment and can leave a red spot on your skin. But stinging isn't just limited to insects; some plants have thorns or leaves that are prickly and might give you a little cut if you touch them wrong. Even water can be stinging if it's icy cold, like after stepping out of the shower on a chilly morning. Sometimes people will use "stinging" to describe a strong smell too - something that really gets under your nose and makes you wrinkle up your face in distaste.
Having the capacity to sting.
Example: stinging nettles
