An adjective, penultimate refers to the second-to-last one in a series or sequence. Think of it like being almost at the end of a line.
When talking about things that come in groups, we often use the word "penultimate" to describe the thing right before the last one. For example, if you're reading a list of your favorite movies and there are five on it, the fourth one would be the penultimate movie. It's like being one step away from the very end!
A penult, a next-to-last thing, particularly:
(in United States usually formal) Next to last, second to last; immediately preceding the end of a sequence, list, etc.
