Grading means giving marks or scores based on how well someone does something.
When teachers grade their students' work, they're checking to see if the students have understood what they were supposed to do and doing it correctly. This can be for things like a math test or an essay, where the teacher wants to know not just if the student got the right answer, but also how well they explained themselves.
How common is "grading"?
Word grading is considered rare in modern English. It appears most frequently in academic texts and less often in other writings.
Definitions
verb
To assign scores to the components of an academic test.
To assign a score to overall academic performance.
To organize in grades.
Example: a graded reader
To flatten, level, or smooth a large surface.
To remove or trim part of a seam allowance from a finished seam so as to reduce bulk and make the finished piece more even when turned right side out.
To pass imperceptibly from one grade into another.